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Saturday, May 29, 2010

Pesta Kaamatan Sabah

Pesta Kaamatan atau nama lain iaitu (Tadau Kaamatan) atau di dalam bahasa Kadazan "Magavau" merupakan upacara perayaan khas untuk menghormati "Bambazon" iaitu semangat padi. Perayaan ini adalah amalan secara tradisi Kaum Kadazan-Dusun sejak zaman berzaman. Perayaan "Magavau" ini biasanya diadakan selepas selesai menuai padi. Pesta Kaamatan yang dirayakan dewasa ini telah diluluskan oleh Majlis Undangan Kerajaan Koloni sebagai cuti umum Sabah sejak tahun 1960 lagi, oleh Tun Haji Mohamad Fuad Stephens, Ketua Menteri Sabah yang pertama.

Antara sambutan menarik yang diadakan ialah persembahan dan pertandingan tarian Sumazau. Tarian ini ditarikan oleh kaum petani terdiri daripada lelaki dan perempuan dengan memakai pakaian tradisional mereka. Tarian ini dimainkan dengan iringan paluan gong. Tarian ini ditarikan dengan kedua-dua tangan diangkat ke paras bahu dan dikibar-kibarkan umpama kipasan sayap burung, mengikut alunan rentak yang dimainkan.

Selain daripada persembahan tarian Sumazau, diadakan juga pertandingan nyanyian dipanggil Sugandoi, pertunjukan bina badan, dan ratu cantik atau "Unduk Ngadau", dan persembahan segala jenis kesenian dan kraftangan. Pertandingan seperti memukul gong dan sukan rakyat juga menjadi antara acara utama dalam perayaan ini.

Antara hidangan popular semasa perayaan ini ialah meminum tapai atau "Kinomol", iaitu sejenis arak tradisional. Tapai merupakan minuman tradisi mereka, diperbuat sama ada daripada berasubi kayu. Nasi akan diperam di dalam sebuah tempayan besar atau "tajau" selama seminggu, atau ubi kayu diperam selama dua hingga tiga minggu. Biasanya tapai dicampur dengan ragi untuk mempercepatkan proses "memberi rasa" kepada tapai tersebut. (nasi) atau

Mereka menggunakan sebatang buluh kecil yang dipanggil "Sumbiling" untuk menyedut air tapai ini dari dalam tempayan besar. Biasanya sumbiling digunakan untuk meminum air tapai yang diperbuat daripada ubi kayu. Selain itu, mereka juga menggunakan gelas khas dinamakan "Singgarung" yang diperbuat daripada buluh.

Asal-usul Magavau

Terdapat banyak sebutan perkataan Magavau ini mengikut dialek dan lokasi suku kaum Kadazandusun. Walau bagaimanapun ia tetap membawa maksud yang sama.

Menurut cerita lisan, Kinoingan ( Tuhan ) dan isterinya Suminundu mempunyai seorang anak perempuan yang bernama Huminodun. Untuk menyelamatkan orang-orang Kadazandusun daripada kebuluran kerana tidak mempunyai makanan yang mencukupi, maka Kinoingan terpaksa mengorbankan anak kesayangan mereka Huminodun. Huminodun dibunuh dan mayatnya dikubur menurut adat istiadat selengkapnya. Kononnya, mayat Huminodun itu telah mengeluarkan berjenis-jenis benih tumbuhan yang menjadi makanan utama kepada kita sekarang. Salah satu benih tumbuhan itu ialah padi. Oleh kerana sebahagian dari mayat Huminodun itu mengeluarkan benih padi, maka wujudlah kepercayaan bahawa padi itu mempunyai semangat yang diberi nama "Bambazon".

Bermula dari kejadian inilah orang-orang Kadazandusun memulakan upacara Pesta Kaamatan ( Pesta Menuai ) seperti yang dirayakan dewasa ini. Perayaan seumpama ini mengharapkan agar rezeki yang akan datang bertambah baik dan lumayan. Upacara penghormatan terhadap semangat padi yakni padi-padi yang selesai dituai dan telah selamat dimasukkan ke dalam ketawai ( Tangkob ) iaitu bekas tempat menyimpan padi. Selain itu, perayaan Pesta Kaamatan ini juga mengingatkan kita akan rasa penghargaan dan penghormatan masyarakat Kaum Kadazandusun akan Penciptanya ( Kinoingan ) yang sanggup mengorbankan anak kesayangannya Huminodun untuk menyelamatkan orang-orangnya supaya tidak mati kebuluran

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